Quiz 4
Module 4 (Developmental Psychology)
Question 1
Whenever Amy leaves her 1-year-old son, Tyler, alone for too long, he begins to cry. When Amy returns to comfort him, Tyler will initially seek comfort, but eventually reject Amy. According to the textbook, which of the following attachment styles does Tyler likely have?
A. Ambivalent
B. Avoidant
C. Secure
D. Anxious
Answer
A. Ambivalent
Tyler is distressed by the disappearance of his mother so he starts to reject her comfort.
Question 2
According to the textbook, which of the following cognitive processes of language acquisition is a 3-year-old child who says “I goed to the store” demonstrating?
A. Semantic extension
B. Behaviorist learning
C. Telegraphic speech
D. Overregularization
Answer
D. Overregularization
This correctly identifies overregularization, where children apply regular grammatical rules (like adding “-ed” to form past tense) to irregular verbs.
Question 3
A mother sets a chore schedule for her children, helps them with homework, and explains rules to them. According to the textbook, how will her parenting style impact her children?
A. Her children are likely to have higher self-esteem because of Minnie’s authoritarian parenting.
B. Her children are likely to be happier because of Minnie’s authoritative parenting.
C. Her children are likely to be more anxious because of Minnie’s authoritative parenting.
D. Her children are likely to be more aggressive because of Minnie’s authoritarian parenting.
Answer
B. Her children are likely to be happier because of Minnie’s authoritative parenting.
Authoritative parents provide clear expectations and support to their children, which benefits them over time.
Question 4
Your family decides to go to Italy over the summer and try to learn the language ahead of time. Why might your 3-year-old niece learn the new language far better than the adults?
A. Your niece has had more time to build neural connections related to language.
B. Your niece is in a sensitive period which makes it easier for her to learn a new language.
C. Since your English is already developed, your brain lacks space for a new language.
D. Your brain, as an adult, is mostly developed and cannot form new neural connections.
Answer
B. Your niece is in a sensitive period which makes it easier for her to learn a new language.
They say “children are like sponges” as they are in a sensitive period that allows them to have large acquisition of new knowledge.
Question 5
A new parent notices that whenever they gently stroke their baby’s cheek, the baby turns its head and opens its mouth. The parent wonders why this happens. According to the textbook, what is the most accurate observation of the baby’s behavior?
A. The baby is locating and preparing for feeding
B. The baby is trying to develop hand-eye coordination
C. The baby is demonstrating voluntary head movements
D. The baby is signaling hunger to the caregiver
Answer
A. The baby is locating and preparing for feeding
The rooting reflex is an automatic response that helps newborns find a food source by turning toward a touch near their mouth and preparing to suck.
Question 6
According to the textbook, which of the following describes the permissive parenting style?
A. The parent is very involved, but does not set clear rules or limits
B. The parent has strong expectations and provides limited emotional support
C. The parent is uninvolved and does not have clear rules or limits
D. The parent has clear expectations and provides emotional support
Answer
A. The parent is very involved, but does not set clear rules or limits
The parent does not have high demand/expectations but is still involved.
Question 7
According to the textbook, which of the following best describes teratogens?
A. Substances or factors that can harm a developing fetus
B. Hormones that influence fetal development
C. Nutrients that are essential for healthy prenatal development
D. Genetic mutations that cause developmental disorders
Answer
A. Substances or factors that can harm a developing fetus
Teratogens are harmful substances or conditions that negatively impact prenatal development. They include drugs, infections (e.g., German measles, syphilis), and environmental dangers like X-rays and mercury.
Question 8
Which of the following is the best example of a teratogen, according to the textbook?
A. Cerebral Palsy
B. Caffeine
C. Alcohol
D. Processed foods
Answer
C. Alcohol
Alcohol exposure can cause fetal alcohol syndrome, a birth defect.
Question 9
According to Piaget’s cognitive stages of development, which of the following statements most accurately explains whether a child in the sensorimotor stage can use language?
A. Yes, because sometimes children learn skills from a more advanced stage than the one they are currently in
B. No, because less advanced stages must be completed in full before skills from more advanced stages can be developed
C. No, because according to Piaget, skill acquisition is restricted to certain periods during development.
D. Yes, because sensorimotor development and language development are related phenomena.
Answer
A. Yes, because sometimes children learn skills from a more advanced stage than the one they are currently in
Question 10
Say you are observing a caregiver leave the room where infant was playing, and the infant becomes distressed, but is comforted upon caregiver’s return. According to the textbook, what attachment style would you believe the infant has?
A. Anxious
B. Avoidant
C. Secure
D. Ambivalent
Answer
C. Secure
The infant is upset when caregiver leaves, but is happy when the problem is solved–the caregiver returning.